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Infective Endocarditis Surgery in Mumbai, India

Infective Endocarditis Surgery

Infective Endocarditis, also known as bacterial endocarditis, is a bacterial infection. These bacteria enter the bloodstream, settling in the lining of the heart, heart valve, or blood vessel. People with heart conditions have a higher risk of developing Infective Endocarditis.

  • Risk: Bleeding, brain bleed or stroke, kidney failure, arrhythmias, heart block needing pacemaker, and infection of the heart valve
  • Procedure Duration: 6-8 hours
  • Recovery Time: 2-3 weeks

Surgical Treatment for Infective Endocarditis

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Who is at risk for Infective Endocarditis?

  • Children and adults with congenital heart defects are more susceptible to Infective Endocarditis.
  • People with artificial heart valves or damaged heart valves are also more prone to such infections.
  • People who have implanted heart devices such as pacemakers. Bacteria can attach themselves to these devices.
  • People who illegally use IV needles. Contaminated needles can cause infections.
  • People who have to use a catheter for the long term.
  • People with poor dental hygiene may also be affected. The bacteria that grow in the mouth may enter the bloodstream.

Two Common Infective Endocarditis surgeries:

  • Commando operation with reconstruction of aorto-mitral curtain:The Commando procedure is also known as the aorto-mitral curtain (AMC) reconstruction. This procedure is used when in addition to the aortic and the mitral valves, the aorto-mitral curtain is also infected. Hence just replacing both the valves will not be adequate to get rid of the infection completely. There are several techniques used to reconstruct the aortic-mitral continuity with pericardial patches.
  • Hemi-commando with reconstruction of aorto-mitral curtain:Hemi-Commando operation, also known as the incorporated aorto-mitral homograft, is a new technique developed by Dr. Jose Navia at the Cleveland Clinic for treating Infective Endocarditis. Instead of replacing both the infected valves, Hemi-commando replaces only the aortic valve, repairing the mitral valve with tissues obtained from transplanted segments of the donor's heart.
  • You can contact an Infective Endocarditis surgeon in India to know more.

Frequently Asked Questions:

1.Which valve is most affected by infective endocarditis?

According to healthcare professionals, infective endocarditis most commonly affects the mitral valve, followed by the pulmonary and aortic valves. Also, drug addiction is a leading cause of infective endocarditis affecting the tricuspid valve.

2.Which patient has the highest risk of developing infective endocarditis?

Risk factors for endocarditis include: 

  • Older age: Endocarditis occurs most often in adults over age 60.
  • Artificial heart valves: Germs are more likely to attach to an artificial (prosthetic) heart valve than to a regular heart valve.
  • Damaged heart valves: Certain medical conditions, such as rheumatic fever or infection, can damage or scar one or more of the heart valves, increasing the risk of infection. A history of endocarditis also increases the risk of infection.
  • Congenital heart defects: Being born with certain types of heart defects, such as an irregular heart or damaged heart valves, raises the risk of heart infections.
  • Implanted heart device: Bacteria can attach to an implanted device, such as a pacemaker, causing an infection of the heart’s lining.
  • Illegal IV drug use: Using dirty contaminated IV needles can lead to infections such as endocarditis.
  • Poor dental health: A healthy mouth and gums are essential for good health. If you don’t floss and brush regularly, bacteria can build up inside your mouth and can enter your bloodstream through a cut on your gums. Some dental procedures that can cut the gums also may allow bacteria to get into the bloodstream.
  • Long-term catheter use: An indwelling catheter, which is a thin tube used for medical procedures, can increase the risk of endocarditis if left in place for an extended period of time.

3.What are the precautions for infective endocarditis?

If you wish to avoid infective endocarditis you must keep good oral hygiene by brushing, flossing and having regular dental check-ups and avoiding tattooing or piercing.  You can also ask your doctor for antibiotics.

4.Can you live a normal life after endocarditis?

Once the infection is resolved and an echocardiogram indicates favorable results, you may resume your usual activities.